In this paper we provide a constructive way for researchers to salvage the classic De Loecker and Warzynski (2012) markup recovery procedure when falsified. To do this, we consider continuous relaxations of the standard assumptions behind markup estimation. By computing the values of the markup as a function of the relaxations across the set of non-falsified models, we obtain an identified set for the markup which generalizes the standard baseline markup estimand to account for possible falsification without the need to impose additional assumptions. We illustrate our results using Chilean data from Raval (2023).
Citation extraction
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appendix boundary found by appendix_command · 28% of the source is main text. Read the extracted text to check this.
Most heavily cited references
The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
Reference
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Raval, Devesh (2023) Testing the production approach to markup estimation
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De Loecker, Jan De and Warzynski, Frederic (2012) Markups and firm-level export status