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Estimation of Characteristics-based Quantile Factor Models

Liang Chen, Juan Jose Dolado, Jesus Gonzalo, Haozi Pan

arXiv 26 Apr 2023 · Econometrics · publishedJournal of Econometrics (2026) · 2 citations (OpenAlex)

arXiv:2304.13206 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

This paper studies the estimation of characteristic-based quantile factor models where the factor loadings are unknown functions of observed individual characteristics while the idiosyncratic error terms are subject to conditional quantile restrictions. We propose a three-stage estimation procedure that is easily implementable in practice and has nice properties. The convergence rates, the limiting distributions of the estimated factors and loading functions, and a consistent selection criterion for the number of factors at each quantile are derived under general conditions. The proposed estimation methodology is shown to work satisfactorily when: (i) the idiosyncratic errors have heavy tails, (ii) the time dimension of the panel dataset is not large, and (iii) the number of factors exceeds the number of characteristics. Finite sample simulations and an empirical application aimed at estimating the loading functions of the daily returns of a large panel of S&P500 index securities help illustrate these properties.

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23
references
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in-text mentions
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distinct cited
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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Fan, J., Y. Liao, and W. Wang (2016) Projected principal component analysis in factor models1.000235100%
2Ma, S., O. Linton, and J. Gao (2021) Estimation and inference in semiparametric quantile factor models1.000144100%
3Chen, L., J. J. Dolado, and J. Gonzalo (2021) Quantile factor models self1.000105100%
4Connor, G., M. Hagmann, and O. Linton (2012) Efficient semiparametric estimation of the Fama–French model and extensions1.00083100%
5Connor, G. and O. Linton (2007) Semiparametric estimation of a characteristic-based factor model of common stock returns0.81142100%
6Bai, J. and S. Ng (2002) Determining the number of factors in approximate factor models0.64422100%
7Bai, J (2003) Inferential theory for factor models of large dimensions0.64422100%
8Stock, J. H. and M. W. Watson (2002) Forecasting using principal components from a large number of predictors0.64422100%
9Chen, X. and X. Shen (1998) Sieve extremum estimates for weakly dependent data0.51121100%
10Horowitz, J. L. and S. Lee (2005) Nonparametric estimation of an additive quantile regression model0.51121100%

Showing the top 10 of 23 scored citations.