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Policy Learning with New Treatments

Samuel Higbee

arXiv 10 Oct 2022 · Econometrics

arXiv:2210.04703 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

I study the problem of a decision maker choosing a policy which allocates treatment to a heterogeneous population on the basis of experimental data that includes only a subset of possible treatment values. The effects of new treatments are partially identified by shape restrictions on treatment response. Policies are compared according to the minimax regret criterion, and I show that the empirical analog of the population decision problem has a tractable linear- and integer-programming formulation. I prove the maximum regret of the estimated policy converges to the lowest possible maximum regret at a rate which is the maximum of N^-1/2 and the rate at which conditional average treatment effects are estimated in the experimental data. In an application to designing targeted subsidies for electrical grid connections in rural Kenya, I find that nearly the entire population should be given a treatment not implemented in the experiment, reducing maximum regret by over 60% compared to the policy that restricts to the treatments implemented in the experiment.

Citation extraction

49
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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Kitagawa, Toru, Tetenov, Aleksey (2018) Who Should Be Treated? Empirical Welfare Maximization Methods for Treatment Choice0.97112692%
2Manski, Charles F (2004) Statistical Treatment Rules for Heterogeneous Populations0.92843100%
3Mbakop, Eric, Tabord-Meehan, Max (2021) Model Selection for Treatment Choice: Penalized Welfare Maximization0.84333100%
4Athey, Susan, Wager, Stefan (2021) Policy Learning With Observational Data0.81142100%
5Manski, Charles F (2007) Minimax-Regret Treatment Choice with Missing Outcome Data0.81142100%
6D’Adamo, Riccardo (2023) Orthogonal Policy Learning Under Ambiguity0.73732100%
7Lee, Kenneth, Miguel, Edward, Wolfram, Catherine (2020) Experimental Evidence on the Economics of Rural Electrification0.73732100%
8Manski, Charles F (2006) Search Profiling with Partial Knowledge of Deterrence0.73732100%
9Manski, Charles F (2025) Using Limited Trial Evidence to Credibly Choose Treatment Dosage When Efficacy and Adverse Effects Weakly Increase with Dose0.69351100%
10Manski, Charles F (1997) Monotone Treatment Response0.64422100%

Showing the top 10 of 49 scored citations.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1Policy Learning under Biased Sample Selection0.51121
2A Primer on the Analysis of Randomized Experiments and a Survey of some Recent Advances0.40511
3Nonparametric Bayesian Policy Learning0.40511