EconBase
← All papers

Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Bounds under Sample Selection with an Application to the Effects of Social Media on Political Polarization

Phillip Heiler

arXiv 9 Sep 2022 · Econometrics · publishedJournal of Econometrics (2024) · 2 citations (OpenAlex)

arXiv:2209.04329 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

We propose a method for estimation and inference for bounds for heterogeneous causal effect parameters in general sample selection models where the treatment can affect whether an outcome is observed and no exclusion restrictions are available. The method provides conditional effect bounds as functions of policy relevant pre-treatment variables. It allows for conducting valid statistical inference on the unidentified conditional effects. We use a flexible debiased/double machine learning approach that can accommodate non-linear functional forms and high-dimensional confounders. Easily verifiable high-level conditions for estimation, misspecification robust confidence intervals, and uniform confidence bands are provided as well. We re-analyze data from a large scale field experiment on Facebook on counter-attitudinal news subscription with attrition. Our method yields substantially tighter effect bounds compared to conventional methods and suggests depolarization effects for younger users.

Citation extraction

55
references
150
in-text mentions
55
distinct cited
3
self-citations
15,762
main-text words

appendix boundary found by appendix_command · 66% of the source is main text. Read the extracted text to check this.

Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Lee, D. S (2009) Training, wages, and sample selection: Estimating sharp bounds on treatment effects1.00074100%
2Zhang, J. L. and Rubin, D. B (2003) death1.00063100%
3Semenova, V (2023) Generalized lee bounds0.96118589%
4Belloni, A., Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D., and Kato, K (2015) Some new asymptotic theory for least squares series: Pointwise and uniform results0.9619489%
5Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D., Demirer, M., Duflo, E., Hansen, C… (2018) Double/debiased machine learning for treatment and structural parameters0.9507586%
6Semenova, V. and Chernozhukov, V (2021) Debiased machine learning of conditional average treatment effects and other causal functions0.9507586%
7Andrews, D. W. K. and Kwon, S (2023) Misspecified Moment Inequality Models: Inference and Diagnostics0.9098475%
8Stoye, J (2020) A simple, short, but never-empty confidence interval for partially identified parameters0.8947471%
9Levy, R (2021) Social media, news consumption, and polarization: Evidence from a field experiment0.874182100%
10Heiler, P. and Knaus, M (2021) Effect or treatment heterogeneity? Policy evaluation with aggregated and disaggregated treatments self0.7373367%

Showing the top 10 of 55 scored citations.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1Treatment Evaluation at the Intensive and Extensive Margins1.000145
2Sharp Bounds and Inference in Sample Selection Models with Treatment Endogeneity0.94164
3Conformalized Lee Inference: Distribution-Free Individual Treatment Effect Intervals under Monotone Sample Selection0.51121
4Generalized Lee Bounds0.40511
5Lee Bounds with a Continuous Treatment in Sample Selection0.40511
6Heterogeneity Analysis with Heterogeneous Treatments0.40511
7Adaptive Estimation of Aggregated Values of Conditional Linear Programs0.40511