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Regression-Adjusted Estimation of Quantile Treatment Effects under Covariate-Adaptive Randomizations

Liang Jiang, Peter C. B. Phillips, Yubo Tao, Yichong Zhang

arXiv 31 May 2021 · Econometrics · publishedJournal of Econometrics (2022) · 13 citations (OpenAlex)

arXiv:2105.14752 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

Datasets from field experiments with covariate-adaptive randomizations (CARs) usually contain extra covariates in addition to the strata indicators. We propose to incorporate these additional covariates via auxiliary regressions in the estimation and inference of unconditional quantile treatment effects (QTEs) under CARs. We establish the consistency and limit distribution of the regression-adjusted QTE estimator and prove that the use of multiplier bootstrap inference is non-conservative under CARs. The auxiliary regression may be estimated parametrically, nonparametrically, or via regularization when the data are high-dimensional. Even when the auxiliary regression is misspecified, the proposed bootstrap inferential procedure still achieves the nominal rejection probability in the limit under the null. When the auxiliary regression is correctly specified, the regression-adjusted estimator achieves the minimum asymptotic variance. We also discuss forms of adjustments that can improve the efficiency of the QTE estimators. The finite sample performance of the new estimation and inferential methods is studied in simulations and an empirical application to a well-known dataset concerned with expanding access to basic bank accounts on savings is reported.

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65
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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Bugni, F. A., I. A. Canay, and A. M. Shaikh (2018) Inference under covariate-adaptive randomization0.88810570%
2Zhang, Y. and X. Zheng (2020) Quantile treatment effects and bootstrap inference under covariate-adaptive randomization self0.86517965%
3Bugni, F. A., I. A. Canay, and A. M. Shaikh (2019) Inference under covariate-adaptive randomization with multiple treatments0.73732100%
4Liu, H., F. Tu, and W. Ma (2020) A general theory of regression adjustment for covariate-adaptive randomization: OLS, Lasso, and beyond0.73732100%
5Dupas, P., D. Karlan, J. Robinson, and D. Ubfal (2018) Banking the unbanked? evidence from three countries0.64441100%
6Hirano, K., G. W. Imbens, and G. Ridder (2003) Efficient estimation of average treatment effects using the estimated propensity score0.6443267%
7Belloni, A., V. Chernozhukov, I. Fernández-Val, and C. Hansen (2017) Program evaluation with high-dimensional data0.6308625%
8van der Vaart, A. and J. A. Wellner (1996) Weak Convergence and Empirical Processes0.5853333%
9Shao, J., X. Yu, and B. Zhong (2010) A theory for testing hypotheses under covariate-adaptive randomization0.58531100%
10Bai, Y (2020) Optimality of matched-pair designs in randomized controlled trials0.51121100%

Showing the top 10 of 65 scored citations.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1On Efficient Estimation of Distributional Treatment Effects under Covariate-Adaptive Randomization0.65973
2On the Efficiency of Highly Stratified Experiments0.64422
3Beyond the Average: Distributional Causal Inference under Imperfect Compliance0.64422
4Regression Adjustment for Estimating Distributional Treatment Effects in Randomized Controlled Trials0.58531
5Adjustments with Many Regressors under Covariate-Adaptive Randomizations0.51122
6Efficient and Scalable Estimation of Distributional Treatment Effects with Multi-Task Neural Networks0.51122
7Robust and Efficient Estimation of Potential Outcome Means Under Random Assignment0.40511
8Improving Estimation Efficiency via Regression-Adjustment in Covariate-Adaptive Randomizations with Imperfect Compliance0.40511
9Inference for Two-stage Experiments under Covariate-Adaptive Randomization0.40511
10A Primer on the Analysis of Randomized Experiments and a Survey of some Recent Advances0.40511