arXiv 7 Feb 2021 · Econometrics · publishedJournal of Econometrics (2023) · 2 citations (OpenAlex)
arXiv:2102.03937 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text
This paper studies inference in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with covariate-adaptive randomization (CAR) and imperfect compliance of a binary treatment. In this context, we study inference on the LATE. As in Bugni et al. (2018,2019), CAR refers to randomization schemes that first stratify according to baseline covariates and then assign treatment status so as to achieve "balance" within each stratum. In contrast to these papers, however, we allow participants of the RCT to endogenously decide to comply or not with the assigned treatment status. We study the properties of an estimator of the LATE derived from a "fully saturated" IV linear regression, i.e., a linear regression of the outcome on all indicators for all strata and their interaction with the treatment decision, with the latter instrumented with the treatment assignment. We show that the proposed LATE estimator is asymptotically normal, and we characterize its asymptotic variance in terms of primitives of the problem. We provide consistent estimators of the standard errors and asymptotically exact hypothesis tests. In the special case when the target proportion of units assigned to each treatment does not vary across strata, we can also consider two other estimators of the LATE, including the one based on the "strata fixed effects" IV linear regression, i.e., a linear regression of the outcome on indicators for all strata and the treatment decision, with the latter instrumented with the treatment assignment. Our characterization of the asymptotic variance of the LATE estimators allows us to understand the influence of the parameters of the RCT. We use this to propose strategies to minimize their asymptotic variance in a hypothetical RCT based on data from a pilot study. We illustrate the practical relevance of these results using a simulation study and an empirical application based on Dupas et al. (2018).
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The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
| Reference | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | Main text | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bugni, F. A., I. A. Canay, and A. M. Shaikh (2019) Inference under Covariate-Adaptive Randomization with Multiple Treatments self | 1.000 | 21 | 5 | 100% |
| 2 | Dupas, P., D. Karlan, J. Robinson, and D. Ubfal (2018) Banking the Unbanked? Evidence from Three Countries | 1.000 | 14 | 4 | 100% |
| 3 | Ansel, J., H. Hong, and J. Li (2018) OLS and 2SLS in Randomized and Conditionally Randomized Experiments | 1.000 | 5 | 4 | 100% |
| 4 | Bugni, F. A., I. A. Canay, and A. M. Shaikh (2018) Inference under Covariate Adaptive Randomization self | 0.967 | 21 | 6 | 90% |
| 5 | Hu, Y. and F. Hu (2012) Asymptotic properties of covariate-adaptive randomization | 0.874 | 8 | 2 | 100% |
| 6 | Angrist, J. D. and G. Imbens (1994) Identification and Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects | 0.811 | 4 | 2 | 100% |
| 7 | Bai, Y (2022) Optimality of Matched-Pair Designs in Randomized Controlled Trials, Forthcoming in American Economic Review | 0.811 | 4 | 2 | 100% |
| 8 | Pocock, S. J. and R. Simon (1975) Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the controlled clinical trial | 0.737 | 3 | 2 | 100% |
| 9 | Tabord-Meehan, M (2020) Stratification Trees for Adaptive Randomization in Randomized Controlled Trials, Mimeo: University of Chicago | 0.693 | 5 | 1 | 100% |
| 10 | Lin, W (2013) Agnostic notes on regression adjustments to experimental data: Reexamining Freedman’s critique | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
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