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Covariate Distribution Balance via Propensity Scores

Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna, Xiaojun Song, Qi Xu

arXiv 2 Oct 2018 · Econometrics · publishedJournal of Applied Econometrics (2022) · 17 citations (OpenAlex)

arXiv:1810.01370 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

This paper proposes new estimators for the propensity score that aim to maximize the covariate distribution balance among different treatment groups. Heuristically, our proposed procedure attempts to estimate a propensity score model by making the underlying covariate distribution of different treatment groups as close to each other as possible. Our estimators are data-driven, do not rely on tuning parameters such as bandwidths, admit an asymptotic linear representation, and can be used to estimate different treatment effect parameters under different identifying assumptions, including unconfoundedness and local treatment effects. We derive the asymptotic properties of inverse probability weighted estimators for the average, distributional, and quantile treatment effects based on the proposed propensity score estimator and illustrate their finite sample performance via Monte Carlo simulations and two empirical applications.

Citation extraction

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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Abadie (2003) Semiparametric instrumental variable estimation of treatment response models1.000133100%
2Imai \ Ratkovic (2014) Covariate balancing propensity score1.00094100%
3Graham, Pinto \ Egel (2012) Inverse Probability Tilting for Moment Condition Models with Missing Data1.00083100%
4Escanciano (2006) A consistent diagnostic test for regression models using projections1.00053100%
5Kang \ Schafer (2007) Demystifying Double Robustness: A Comparison of Alternative Strategies for Estimating a Population Mean from Incomplete Data0.92843100%
6Dominguez \ Lobato (2004) Consistent Estimation of Models Defined by Conditional Moment Restrictions0.87482100%
7Escanciano (2018) A simple and robust estimator for linear regression models with strictly exogenous instruments0.81142100%
Wuthrich2019unmatched citation key Wuthrich20190.81142100%
9Chen, Hong \ Tarozzi (2008) Semiparametric efficiency in GMM models with auxiliary data0.73732100%
10Firpo (2007) Efficient semiparametric estimation of quantile treatment effects0.73732100%

Showing the top 10 of 56 scored citations. 1 of these could not be matched to a bibliography entry, so only the citation key is shown.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1Survey calibration for causal inference: a simple method to balance covariate distributions1.000114
2Abadie's Kappa and Weighting Estimators of the Local Average Treatment Effect0.92843
3Partial Identification and Inference for Conditional Distributions of Treatment Effects0.73732
4Semiparametric Single-Index Estimation for Average Treatment Effects0.73732
5A Practical Guide to Instrumental Variables Methods with Heterogeneous Treatment Effects0.64422
6Covariate Balancing and the Equivalence of Weighting and Doubly Robust Estimators of Average Treatment Effects0.51121
7A Unified Framework for Specification Tests of Continuous Treatment Effect Models0.40511
82208.013000.40511
9Doubly Robust Difference-in-Differences Estimators0.00011