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Enhancing the Accuracy of Regional Input-Output Table Estimation: A Deep Learning Approach

Shogo Fukui

arXiv 14 Mar 2026 · Econometrics

arXiv:2603.13823 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

Non-survey methods have been developed and applied for estimating regional input-output tables. However, there is an ongoing debate about the assumptions necessary for these methods and their accuracy. To address these issues, this study presents a deep learning method for estimating regional input-output tables. First, the quantitative economic data for regions is augmented by linear combinations. Then, deep learning is performed on each item in the input-output table, treating these items as target variables. Finally, regional input-output tables are estimated through matrix balancing to the predicted values from the trained model. The estimation accuracy of this method is verified using the 2015 input-output table for Japan as a benchmark. Compared to matrix balancing under the ideal assumption of known row and column sums, our method generally demonstrates higher estimation accuracy. Thus, this method is anticipated to provide a foundation for deriving more precise estimates of regional input-output tables.

Citation extraction

39
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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Nobuhiro Hosoe (2014) Estimation errors in input–output tables and prediction errors in computable general equilibrium analysis0.92843100%
2Shogo Fukui (2025) Estimating input coefficients for regional input–output tables using deep learning with mixup self0.874102100%
3Theo Junius and Jan Oosterhaven (2003) The solution of updating or regionalizing a matrix with both positive and negative entries0.7373367%
4Hongyi Zhang, Moustapha Cisse, Yann N. Dauphin, and David Lopez-Paz (2018) Mixup: Beyond empirical risk minimization0.64422100%
5Manfred Lenzen, Richard Wood, and Blanca Gallego (2007) Some comments on the gras method0.5112250%
6Ronald E. Miller and Peter D. Blair (2022) Input–Output Analysis0.51121100%
7Michael Bacharach (1970) Biproportional Matrices & Input–Output Change0.40511100%
8Andrea Bonfiglio and Chelli Francesco (2008) Assessing the behaviour of non-survey methods for constructing regional input–output tables through a monte carlo simulation0.40511100%
9Luyang Chen, Markus Pelger, and Jason Zhu (2023) Deep learning in asset pricing0.40511100%
10Guangyu Ding and Liangxi Qin (2020) Study on the prediction of stock price based on the associated network model of lstm0.40511100%

Showing the top 10 of 39 scored citations.