Unlocking the Regression Space

Liudas Giraitis, George Kapetanios, Yufei Li, Alexia Ventouri

arXiv 10 Nov 2025 · Econometrics · publishedEconometric Theory (2026)

arXiv:2511.07183 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

This paper introduces and analyzes a framework that accommodates general heterogeneity in regression modeling. It demonstrates that regression models with fixed or time-varying parameters can be estimated using the OLS and time-varying OLS methods, respectively, across a broad class of regressors and noise processes not covered by existing theory. The proposed setting facilitates the development of asymptotic theory and the estimation of robust standard errors. The robust confidence interval estimators accommodate substantial heterogeneity in both regressors and noise. The resulting robust standard error estimates coincide with White's (1980) heteroskedasticity-consistent estimator but are applicable to a broader range of conditions, including models with missing data. They are computationally simple and perform well in Monte Carlo simulations. Their robustness, generality, and ease of implementation make them highly suitable for empirical applications. Finally, the paper provides a brief empirical illustration.

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