EconBase
← All papers

Causal mechanism and mediation analysis for macroeconomics dynamics: a bridge of Granger and Sims causality

Jean-Marie Dufour, Endong Wang

arXiv 5 Sep 2025 · Econometrics

arXiv:2509.05284 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel concept of impulse response decomposition to disentangle the dynamic contributions of the mediator variables in the transmission of structural shocks. We justify our decomposition by drawing on causal mediation analysis and demonstrating its equivalence to the average mediation effect. Our result establishes a formal link between Sims and Granger causality. Sims causality captures the total effect, while Granger causality corresponds to the mediation effect. We construct a dynamic mediation index that quantifies the evolving role of mediator variables in shock propagation. Applying our framework to studies of the transmission channels of US monetary policy, we find that investor sentiment explains approximately 60% of the peak aggregate output response in three months following a policy shock, while expected default risk contributes negligibly across all horizons.

Citation extraction

53
references
123
in-text mentions
54
distinct cited
0
self-citations
13,208
main-text words

appendix boundary found by none_found · 100% of the source is main text. Read the extracted text to check this.

Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Dufour \ Renault (1998) `Short run and long run causality in time series: theory', Econometrica 66(5), 1099–11251.000147100%
gilchrist2012creditunmatched citation key gilchrist2012credit1.00084100%
3Robins (2003) `Semantics of causal dag models and the identification of direct and indirect effects', Highly structured stochastic systems pp.…1.00053100%
4Imai, Keele \ Yamamoto (2010) `Identification, inference and sensitivity analysis for causal mediation effects', Statistical Science 25(1), 51–710.92843100%
5Sims (1980) `Macroeconomics and reality', Econometrica 48(1), 1–480.87452100%
6Plagborg-Mller \ Wolf (2021) `Local projections and VARs estimate the same impulse responses', Econometrica 89(2), 955–9800.87452100%
7Avin, Shpitser \ Pearl (2005) Identifiability of path-specific effects, in `Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence'…0.81142100%
8Baron \ Kenny (1986) `The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerat…0.81142100%
9Bauer \ Swanson (2023) `A reassessment of monetary policy surprises and high-frequency identification', NBER Macroeconomics Annual 37(1), 87–1550.81142100%
10Pearl (2022) Direct and indirect effects, in `Probabilistic and causal inference: the works of Judea Pearl', pp. 373–3920.81142100%

Showing the top 10 of 54 scored citations. 1 of these could not be matched to a bibliography entry, so only the citation key is shown.