Anna Mikusheva, Mikkel Sølvsten, Baiyun Jing
arXiv 18 Aug 2025 · Econometrics
arXiv:2508.12860 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text
We study linear regression models with clustered data, high-dimensional controls, and a complicated structure of exclusion restrictions. We propose a correctly centered internal IV estimator that accommodates a variety of exclusion restrictions and permits within-cluster dependence. The estimator has a simple leave-out interpretation and remains computationally tractable. We derive a central limit theorem for its quadratic form and propose a robust variance estimator. We also develop inference methods that remain valid under weak identification. Our framework extends classical dynamic panel methods to more general clustered settings. An empirical application of a large-scale fiscal intervention in rural Kenya with spatial interference illustrates the approach.
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The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
| Reference | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | Main text | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arellano, Manuel and Bond, Stephen (1991) Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations | 1.000 | 7 | 3 | 100% |
| 2 | Egger, Dennis and Haushofer, Johannes and Miguel, Edward and Niehaus… (2022) General equilibrium effects of cash transfers: experimental evidence from Kenya | 0.928 | 4 | 3 | 100% |
| 3 | Nickell, Stephen (1981) Biases in dynamic models with fixed effects | 0.811 | 4 | 2 | 100% |
| 4 | Ahn, Seung C and Schmidt, Peter (1995) Efficient estimation of models for dynamic panel data | 0.737 | 3 | 2 | 100% |
| 5 | Bun, Maurice J. G. and Windmeijer, Frank (2010) The weak instrument problem of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models | 0.737 | 3 | 2 | 100% |
| 6 | Alvarez, Javier and Arellano, Manuel (2003) The time series and cross-section asymptotics of dynamic panel data estimators | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 7 | Anderson, Theodore Wilbur and Hsiao, Cheng (1981) Estimation of dynamic models with error components | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 8 | Blattman, Christopher and Green, Donald P and Ortega, Daniel and Tob… (2021) Place-based interventions at scale: The direct and spillover effects of policing and city services on crime | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 9 | Jayachandran, Seema and De Laat, Joost and Lambin, Eric F and Stanto… (2017) Cash for carbon: A randomized trial of payments for ecosystem services to reduce deforestation | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 10 | Paluck, Elizabeth Levy and Shepherd, Hana and Aronow, Peter M (2016) Changing climates of conflict: A social network experiment in 56 schools | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
Showing the top 10 of 35 scored citations.
arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.
| Citing paper | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inference in clustered IV models with many and weak instruments | 0.405 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Back to Feedback Dynamics and Heterogeneity in Panel Data | 0.405 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | Cluster-Robust Inference for Quadratic Forms | 0.405 | 1 | 1 |