arXiv 2 Jul 2025 · Econometrics · publishedEnergy Economics (2025)
arXiv:2507.01804 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text
A large database of published model results is used to estimate the distribution of the social cost of carbon as a function of the underlying assumptions. The literature on the social cost of carbon deviates in its assumptions from the literatures on the impacts of climate change, discounting, and risk aversion. The proposed meta-emulator corrects this. The social cost of carbon is higher than reported in the literature.
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The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
| Reference | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | Main text | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moore, Frances C., Moritz A. Drupp, James Rising, Simon Dietz, Ivan… (2024) Synthesis of evidence yields high social cost of carbon due to structural model variation and uncertainties | 0.737 | 3 | 3 | 67% |
| 2 | Tol, Richard S. J (2023) Social cost of carbon estimates have increased over time self | 0.737 | 3 | 2 | 100% |
| 3 | Tol, Richard S. J (2024) A meta-analysis of the total economic impact of climate change self | 0.644 | 3 | 2 | 67% |
| 4 | Drupp, Moritz A., Frikk Nesje, and Robert C. Schmidt (2022) Pricing carbon | 0.585 | 3 | 1 | 100% |
| 5 | Nesje, Frikk, Moritz A. Drupp, Mark C. Freeman, and Ben Groom (2023) Philosophers and economists agree on climate policy paths but for different reasons | 0.585 | 3 | 1 | 100% |
| 6 | Havránek, Tomáš, Roman Horvath, Zuzana Irsova, and Marek Rusnak (2015) Cross-country heterogeneity in intertemporal substitution | 0.511 | 2 | 1 | 100% |
| 7 | Matousek, Jindrich, Tomas Havranek, and Zuzana Irsova (2022) Individual discount rates: a meta-analysis of experimental evidence | 0.511 | 2 | 1 | 100% |
| 8 | Anthoff, David, and Richard S. J. Tol (2022) Testing the dismal theorem | 0.405 | 1 | 1 | 100% |
| 9 | Estrada, Francisco, Richard S. J. Tol, and Botzen W. J. Wouter (2025) Economic consequences of the spatial variation and temporal variability of climate change self | 0.405 | 1 | 1 | 100% |
| 10 | Estrada, Francisco, and Richard S. J. Tol (2015) Toward Impact Functions For Stochastic Climate Change | 0.405 | 1 | 1 | 100% |
Showing the top 10 of 16 scored citations.