Keita Sunada, Kohei Izumi
arXiv 13 Jun 2025 · Econometrics
arXiv:2506.12225 · PDF · Extracted main text
We study treatment assignment problems under capacity constraints, where a planner aims to maximize social welfare by assigning treatments based on observable covariates. Such constraints, common when treatments are costly or limited in supply, introduce nontrivial challenges for deriving optimal statistical assignment rules because the planner needs to coordinate treatment assignment probabilities across the entire covariate distribution. To address these challenges, we reformulate the planner's constrained maximization problem as an optimal transport problem, which makes the problem effectively unconstrained. We then establish local asymptotic optimality results of assignment rules using a limits of experiments framework. Finally, we illustrate our method with a voucher assignment problem for private secondary school attendance using data from Angrist et al. (2006)
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The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
| Reference | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | Main text | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hirano, Keisuke, Porter, Jack R (2009) Asymptotics for statistical treatment rules | 1.000 | 14 | 4 | 100% |
| 2 | Angrist, Joshua, Bettinger, Eric, Kremer, Michael (2006) Long-term educational consequences of secondary school vouchers: Evidence from administrative records in Colombia | 1.000 | 8 | 5 | 100% |
| 3 | Xu, Han (2024) Asymptotic analysis of point decisions with general loss functions | 0.928 | 5 | 3 | 80% |
| 4 | Christensen, Timothy, Moon, Hyungsik Roger, Schorfheide, Frank (2025) Optimal decision rules when payoffs are partially identified | 0.894 | 21 | 7 | 71% |
| 5 | Adjaho, Christopher, Christensen, Timothy (2023) Externally valid policy choice | 0.811 | 4 | 2 | 100% |
| 6 | Aradillas Fernández, Andrés, Montiel Olea, José Luis, Qiu, Chen, Sto… (2024) Robust Bayes treatment choice with partial identification | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 7 | Kido, Daido (2023) Locally asymptotically minimax statistical treatment rules under partial identification | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 8 | Kido, Daido (2022) Distributionally robust policy learning with wasserstein distance | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 9 | Villani, Cédric (2009) Optimal Transport: Old and New | 0.630 | 8 | 5 | 25% |
| 10 | Nutz, Marcel (2022) Introduction to entropic optimal transport | 0.585 | 10 | 2 | 30% |
Showing the top 10 of 48 scored citations.
arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.
| Citing paper | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An econometrician's guide to optimal transport | 0.511 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | Who With Whom? Learning Optimal Matching Policies | 0.405 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | Distributional Change in Ordinal Data with Missing Observations: Minimal Mobility and Partial Identification | 0.405 | 1 | 1 |