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Analysis of Distributional Dynamics for Repeated Cross-Sectional and Intra-Period Observations

Bo Hu, Joon Y. Park, Junhui Qian

arXiv 21 May 2025 · Econometrics

arXiv:2505.15763 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel approach to investigate the dynamics of state distributions, which accommodate both cross-sectional distributions of repeated panels and intra-period distributions of a time series observed at high frequency. In our approach, densities of the state distributions are regarded as functional elements in a Hilbert space, and are assumed to follow a functional autoregressive model. We propose an estimator for the autoregressive operator, establish its consistency, and provide tools and asymptotics to analyze the forecast of state density and the moment dynamics of state distributions. We apply our methodology to study the time series of distributions of the GBP/USD exchange rate intra-month returns and the time series of cross-sectional distributions of the NYSE stocks monthly returns. Finally, we conduct simulations to evaluate the density forecasts based on our model.

Citation extraction

31
references
56
in-text mentions
31
distinct cited
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self-citations
13,169
main-text words

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Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Mas, A (2007) Weak convergence in the functional autoregressive model0.7946350%
2Bosq, D (2000) Linear Processes in Function Spaces: Theory and Applications0.76620445%
3Engle, R. F., Lilien, D. M., Robins, R. P (1987) Estimating time varying risk premia in the term structure: The ARCH-M model0.64422100%
4Antoniadis, A., Paparoditis, E., Sapatinas, T (2006) A functional wavelet–kernel approach for time series prediction0.40511100%
5Aue, A., Horváth, L., Pellatt, D. F (2017) Functional generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity0.40511100%
6Aue, A., Norinho, D. D., Hörmann, S (2015) On the prediction of stationary functional time series0.40511100%
7Benatia, D., Carrasco, M., Florens, J.-P (2017) Functional linear regression with functional response0.40511100%
8Besse, P. C., Cardot, H., Stephenson, D. B (2000) Autoregressive forecasting of some functional climatic variations0.40511100%
9Bollerslev, T (1986) Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity0.40511100%
10van den Boogaart, K. G., Egozcue, J. J., Pawlowsky-Glahn, V (2014) Bayes Hilbert spaces0.40511100%

Showing the top 10 of 31 scored citations.