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Measuring the Euro Area Output Gap

Matteo Barigozzi, Claudio Lissona, Matteo Luciani

arXiv 8 May 2025 · Econometrics · publishedEuropean Economic Review (2024) · 3 citations (OpenAlex)

arXiv:2505.05536 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

We measure the Euro Area (EA) output gap and potential output using a non-stationary dynamic factor model estimated on a large dataset of macroeconomic and financial variables. From 2012 to 2024, we estimate that the EA economy was tighter than policy institutions estimate, suggesting that the slow EA growth results from a potential output issue, not a business cycle issue. Moreover, we find that a decline in trend inflation, not slack in the economy, kept core inflation below 2% before the pandemic and that demand forces account for at least 30% of the post-pandemic increase in core inflation.

Citation extraction

97
references
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in-text mentions
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distinct cited
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appendix boundary found by appendix_command · 47% of the source is main text. Read the extracted text to check this.

Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Morley, J., D. Rodríguez-Palenzuela, Y. Sun, and B. Wong (2023) Estimating the euro area output gap using multivariate information and addressing the COVID-19 pandemic0.8558662%
2Canova, F (2025) FAQ: How do I estimate the output gap?0.8434375%
3Barigozzi, M. and M. Luciani (2023) Measuring the Output Gap using Large Datasets self0.8435460%
4Stock, J. H. and M. W. Watson (2025) Recovering from COVID0.8435360%
5Ascari, G., P. Bonomolo, M. Hoeberichts, and R. Trezzi (2023) The euro area great inflation surge0.84333100%
6Bergholt, D., F. Canova, F. Furlanetto, N. Maffei-Faccioli, and P. U… (2025) What drives the recent surge in inflation? the historical decomposition roller coaster0.84333100%
7Ciccarelli, M. and C. Osbat (2017) Low inflation in the euro area: Causes and consequences0.84333100%
8Corsello, F., S. Neri, and A. Tagliabracci (2021) Anchored or de-anchored? that is the question0.84333100%
9Giannone, D. and G. Primiceri (2024) The drivers of post-pandemic inflation0.84333100%
10Cette, G., J. Fernald, and B. Mojon (2016) The pre-Great Recession slowdown in productivity0.7946350%

Showing the top 10 of 238 scored citations.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1Robust Tests for Factor-Augmented Regressions with an Application to the Novel EA-MD-QD Dataset0.51121