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Causal Inference under Interference through Designed Markets

Evan Munro

arXiv 9 Apr 2025 · Econometrics

arXiv:2504.07217 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text

Abstract

Equilibrium effects make it challenging to evaluate the impact of an individual-level treatment on outcomes in a single market, even with data from a randomized trial. In some markets, however, a centralized mechanism allocates goods and imposes useful structure on spillovers. For a class of strategy-proof "cutoff" mechanisms, we propose an estimator for global treatment effects using individual-level data from one market, where treatment assignment is unconfounded. Algorithmically, we re-run a weighted and perturbed version of the mechanism. Under a continuum market approximation, the estimator is asymptotically normal and semi-parametrically efficient. We extend this approach to learn spillover-aware treatment rules with vanishing asymptotic regret. Empirically, adjusting for equilibrium effects notably diminishes the estimated effect of information on inequality in the Chilean school system.

Citation extraction

49
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95
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appendix boundary found by appendix_command · 43% of the source is main text. Read the extracted text to check this.

Most heavily cited references

The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.

ReferenceIntensityMentionsSectionsMain text
1Munro, Kuang \ Wager (2025) `Treatment effects in market equilibrium', American Economic Review 115(10), 3273–33210.9285480%
2Kallus, Mao \ Uehara (2024) `Localized debiased machine learning: Efficient inference on quantile treatment effects and beyond', Journal of Machine Learning…0.8947471%
3Azevedo \ Leshno (2016) `A supply and demand framework for two-sided matching markets', Journal of Political Economy 124(5), 1235–12680.87472100%
4Allende, Gallego \ Neilson (2019) Approximating the equilibrium effects of informed school choice, Technical report0.81142100%
5Chernozhukov, Chetverikov, Demirer, Duflo, Hansen, Newey \ Robins (2018) `Double/debiased machine learning for treatment and structural parameters', The Econometrics Journal0.73732100%
abdulkadirouglu2017researchunmatched citation key abdulkadirouglu2017research0.6936333%
7Athey \ Wager (2021) `Policy learning with observational data', Econometrica 89(1), 133–1610.64422100%
8Viviano (2024) `Policy targeting under network interference', The Review of Economic Studies 92(2), 1257–12920.64422100%
9van der Vaart \ Wellner (1997) `Weak convergence and empirical processes with applications to statistics', Journal of the Royal Statistical Society-Series A St…0.5237314%
10Firpo (2007) `Efficient semiparametric estimation of quantile treatment effects', Econometrica 75(1), 259–2760.5113233%

Showing the top 10 of 52 scored citations. 1 of these could not be matched to a bibliography entry, so only the citation key is shown.

Cited by, within the corpus

arXiv econ.EM papers that cite this one, ranked by how heavily they lean on it.

Citing paperIntensityMentionsSections
1Decomposition of Spillover Effects Under Misspecification: Pseudo-True Estimands and a Local-Global Extension0.51121
2Causal Effects in Matching Mechanisms with Strategically Reported Preferences0.40511