Clément de Chaisemartin, Jaime Ramirez-Cuellar
arXiv 1 Jun 2019 · Econometrics · publishedAmerican Economic Journal Applied Economics (2023) · 34 citations (OpenAlex)
arXiv:1906.00288 · PDF · DOI · OpenAlex · Extracted main text
In matched-pairs experiments in which one cluster per pair of clusters is assigned to treatment, to estimate treatment effects, researchers often regress their outcome on a treatment indicator and pair fixed effects, clustering standard errors at the unit-ofrandomization level. We show that even if the treatment has no effect, a 5%-level t-test based on this regression will wrongly conclude that the treatment has an effect up to 16.5% of the time. To fix this problem, researchers should instead cluster standard errors at the pair level. Using simulations, we show that similar results apply to clustered experiments with small strata.
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The works this paper leans on most, across its whole bibliography — not restricted to papers in our corpus. Ranked by composite intensity, which combines how often a work is mentioned, how many sections mention it, and how much of that falls in the main text rather than the appendix.
| Reference | Intensity | Mentions | Sections | Main text | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kung-Yee Liang \ Scott L Zeger (1986) Longitudinal Data Analysis Using Generalized Linear Models | 0.843 | 4 | 3 | 75% |
| 2 | A Colin Cameron \ Douglas L Miller (2015) A Practitioner’s Guide to Cluster-Robust Inference | 0.794 | 8 | 4 | 50% |
| 3 | Bruno Crépon, Florencia Devoto, Esther Duflo \ William Parienté (2015) Estimating the Impact of Microcredit on Those Who Take it up: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Morocco | 0.794 | 6 | 4 | 50% |
| 4 | Kosuke Imai, Gary King \ Clayton Nall (2009) The Essential Role of Pair Matching in Cluster-Randomized Experiments, with Application to the Mexican Universal Health Insuranc… | 0.721 | 8 | 3 | 38% |
| 5 | Yuehao Bai (2019) Optimality of Matched-pair Designs in Randomized Controlled Trials | 0.693 | 5 | 1 | 100% |
| 6 | Yuehao Bai, Joseph P Romano \ Azeem M Shaikh (2021) Inference in Experiments with Matched Pairs | 0.648 | 11 | 5 | 27% |
| 7 | Susan Athey \ Guido W Imbens (2017) Chapter 3 - The Econometrics of Randomized Experiments | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 8 | Bruno Crépon, Florencia Devoto, Esther Duflo \ William Parienté (2015) Replication data for: Estimating the Impact of Microcredit on Those Who Take it up: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Mor… | 0.644 | 2 | 2 | 100% |
| 9 | Alberto Abadie \ Guido W Imbens (2008) Estimation of the Conditional Variance in Paired Experiments | 0.567 | 11 | 3 | 18% |
| 10 | Alberto Abadie, Susan Athey, Guido W Imbens \ Jeffrey Wooldridge (2017) When Should You Adjust Standard Errors for Clustering? | 0.511 | 2 | 2 | 50% |
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