Citation Analysis – Recidivism and Peer Influence with LLM Text Embeddings in Low Security Correctional Facilities

Citation Analysis

Recidivism and Peer Influence with LLM Text Embeddings in Low Security Correctional Facilities
Shanjukta Nath, Jiwon Hong, Jae Ho Chang, Keith Warren, Subhadeep Paul
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20634

177

Citation mentions

Cited references

Sections

11,359

Words (approx)

References by Citation Intensity

Ordered by composite index (descending). Higher values indicate more intensive citation.

#	Reference	Year	Mentions	Breadth	Sec. Wtd	Share	Composite	Main %
1	Bramoulle, Y., Djebbari, H., and Fortin, B	2009	7	3	8.0	0.040	1.000	100%
2	Ma, Z., Ma, Z., and Yuan, H	2020	7	5	11.0	0.040	1.000	100%
3	Graham, B. S	2017	5	3	7.0	0.028	1.000	100%
4	Li, J., Xu, G., and Zhu, J	2023	11	5	17.5	0.062	0.935	82%
5	Johnsson, I. and Moon, H. R	2021	20	10	27.5	0.113	0.928	80%
6	Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., and Toutanova, ... (self)	2019	4	3	7.0	0.023	0.928	100%
7	Dressel, J. and Farid, H	2018	4	3	4.0	0.023	0.928	100%
8	Zhu, X., Huang, D., Pan, R., and Wang, H	2020	4	3	6.5	0.023	0.928	100%
9	Athreya, A., Fishkind, D. E., Tang, M., Priebe, C....	2018	4	4	6.5	0.023	0.928	100%
10	Hoff, P. D., Raftery, A. E., and Handcock, M. S	2002	4	4	6.5	0.023	0.928	100%
11	Oster, E	2019	5	2	9.0	0.028	0.874	100%
12	Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., and Dean, J	2013	3	3	3.5	0.017	0.843	100%
13	Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J...	2017	4	4	4.0	0.023	0.843	75%
14	Yin, W., Hay, J., and Roth, D	2019	3	3	5.0	0.017	0.843	100%
15	Rubin-Delanchy, P., Cape, J., Tang, M., and Priebe...	2022	5	4	7.0	0.028	0.843	60%
16	Nath, S., Warren, K., and Paul, S (self)	2025	4	2	7.0	0.023	0.811	100%
17	Radford, A., Narasimhan, K., Salimans, T., and Sut...	2018	3	2	5.0	0.017	0.737	100%
18	Cinelli, C. and Hazlett, C	2020	3	2	5.0	0.017	0.737	100%
19	Goldsmith-Pinkham, P. and Imbens, G. W	2013	3	2	3.0	0.017	0.737	100%
20	Manski, C. F	1993	2	2	1.5	0.011	0.644	100%
21	Laqueur, H. S. and Copus, R. W	2024	2	2	3.0	0.011	0.644	100%
22	Yukhnenko, D., Farouki, L., and Fazel, S	2023	2	2	2.5	0.011	0.644	100%
23	Lewis, M., Liu, Y., Goyal, N., Ghazvininejad, M., ...	2019	2	2	4.0	0.011	0.644	100%
24	Xie, F. and Xu, Y	2023	2	2	4.0	0.011	0.644	100%
25	Hoff, P	2021	2	2	4.0	0.011	0.644	100%
26	McFowland III, E. and Shalizi, C. R	2023	3	1	6.0	0.017	0.585	100%
27	De Leon, G	2000	2	1	2.0	0.011	0.511	100%
28	Meshkin, H., Zirkle, J., Arabidarrehdor, G., Chatu...	2024	2	1	4.0	0.011	0.511	100%
29	Cape, J., Tang, M., and Priebe, C. E	2019	2	1	4.0	0.011	0.511	100%
30	Bayer, P., Hjalmarsson, R., and Pozen, D	2009	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
31	Mas, A. and Moretti, E	2009	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
32	Sacerdote, B	2001	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
33	Boucher, V., Rendall, M., Ushchev, P., and Zenou, ...	2024	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
34	Bursztyn, L., Ederer, F., Ferman, B., and Yuchtman...	2014	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
35	Banerjee, A. V	1992	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
36	Bikhchandani, S., Hirshleifer, D., and Welch, I	1992	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
37	Bursztyn, L. and Jensen, R	2017	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
38	Fouka, V	2020	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
39	Grogger, J	2019	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
40	Giles, H. and Ogay, T	2013	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
41	Niederhoffer, K. G. and Pennebaker, J. W	2002	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
42	Shalizi, C. R. and Thomas, A. C	2011	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
43	Brown, T., Mann, B., Ryder, N., Subbiah, M., Kapla...	2020	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
44	Perfas, F. B	2014	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
45	Sacks, J. Y., McKendrick, K., and Hamilton, Z	2012	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
46	Bahr, S. J., Masters, A. L., and Taylor, B. M	2012	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
47	Campbell, B. W., Cranmer, S., Doogan, N., and Warr... (self)	2019	1	1	1.0	0.006	0.406	100%
48	Kalamara, E., Turrell, A., Redl, C., Kapetanios, G...	2022	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
49	Lippmann, Q	2022	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
50	Brehm, P. and Saavedra, M	2025	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
51	Alsan, M., Barnett, A., Hull, P., and Yang, C. S	2025	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
52	Gennaro, G. and Ash, E	2022	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
53	Ash, E., Chen, D. L., and Naidu, S	2025	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
54	Bajari, P., Cen, Z., Chernozhukov, V., Manukonda, ...	2025	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
55	Cohen-Cole, E., Liu, X., and Zenou, Y	2018	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
56	Pettus-Davis, C., Brown, D., Veeh, C., and Renn, T	2016	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
57	Lin, Z., Jung, J., Goel, S., and Skeem, J	2020	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
58	Barrios-Fernandez, A. and Garc\'\ia-Hombrados, J	2025	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
59	Tuttle, C	2019	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
60	Galbiati, R., Ouss, A., and Philippe, A	2021	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.406	100%
61	Bouchard, J. and Wong, J. S	2024	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
62	Doogan, N. J. and Warren, K (self)	2016	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
63	Warren, K., Harvey, C., De Leon, G., and Gregoire,... (self)	2007	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
64	Warren, K., Campbell, B., and Cranmer, S (self)	2020	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
65	Kjell, O., Giorgi, S., and Schwartz, H. A	2023	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
66	Wang, Z., Pang, Y., and Lin, Y	2023	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
67	Christensen, A. P., Golino, H., and Toma\vsevic, A	2024	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
68	Bengio, Y., Courville, A., and Vincent, P	2013	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
69	Tibshirani, R	1996	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
70	Aitchison, J	1982	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
71	Kelejian, H. H. and Prucha, I. R	1998	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
72	Zhang, T. and Simon, N	2023	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
73	Auerbach, E	2022	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
74	Chang, J. H. and Paul, S (self)	2024	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
75	Andrews, D. A. and Bonta, J	2014	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
76	Girvan, M. and Newman, M. E	2002	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
77	Newman, M	2018	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
78	Stock, J. H. and Yogo, M	2002	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
79	Li, T., Levina, E., and Zhu, J	2020	1	1	2.0	0.006	0.406	100%
80	Hall, P. and Heyde, C. C	2014	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.087	0%
81	Chen, E. Y., Fan, J., and Zhu, X	2023	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.087	0%
82	McInnes, L., Healy, J., and Melville, J	2018	1	1	0.5	0.006	0.087	0%

Reference

Year

Mentions

Breadth

Sec. Wtd

Composite

Main %

Bramoulle, Y., Djebbari, H., and Fortin, B

2009

8.0

0.040

1.000

100%

Ma, Z., Ma, Z., and Yuan, H

2020

11.0

0.040

1.000

100%

Graham, B. S

2017

7.0

0.028

1.000

100%

Li, J., Xu, G., and Zhu, J

2023

17.5

0.062

0.935

82%

Johnsson, I. and Moon, H. R

2021

27.5

0.113

0.928

80%

Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., and Toutanova, ... (self)

2019

7.0

0.023

0.928

100%

Dressel, J. and Farid, H

2018

4.0

0.023

0.928

100%

Zhu, X., Huang, D., Pan, R., and Wang, H

2020

6.5

0.023

0.928

100%

Athreya, A., Fishkind, D. E., Tang, M., Priebe, C....

2018

6.5

0.023

0.928

100%

Hoff, P. D., Raftery, A. E., and Handcock, M. S

2002

6.5

0.023

0.928

100%

Oster, E

2019

9.0

0.028

0.874

100%

Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., and Dean, J

2013

3.5

0.017

0.843

100%

Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J...

2017

4.0

0.023

0.843

75%

Yin, W., Hay, J., and Roth, D

2019

5.0

0.017

0.843

100%

Rubin-Delanchy, P., Cape, J., Tang, M., and Priebe...

2022

7.0

0.028

0.843

60%

Nath, S., Warren, K., and Paul, S (self)

2025

7.0

0.023

0.811

100%

Radford, A., Narasimhan, K., Salimans, T., and Sut...

2018

5.0

0.017

0.737

100%

Cinelli, C. and Hazlett, C

2020

5.0

0.017

0.737

100%

Goldsmith-Pinkham, P. and Imbens, G. W

2013

3.0

0.017

0.737

100%

Manski, C. F

1993

1.5

0.011

0.644

100%

Laqueur, H. S. and Copus, R. W

2024

3.0

0.011

0.644

100%

Yukhnenko, D., Farouki, L., and Fazel, S

2023

2.5

0.011

0.644

100%

Lewis, M., Liu, Y., Goyal, N., Ghazvininejad, M., ...

2019

4.0

0.011

0.644

100%

Xie, F. and Xu, Y

2023

4.0

0.011

0.644

100%

Hoff, P

2021

4.0

0.011

0.644

100%

McFowland III, E. and Shalizi, C. R

2023

6.0

0.017

0.585

100%

De Leon, G

2000

2.0

0.011

0.511

100%

Meshkin, H., Zirkle, J., Arabidarrehdor, G., Chatu...

2024

4.0

0.011

0.511

100%

Cape, J., Tang, M., and Priebe, C. E

2019

4.0

0.011

0.511

100%

Bayer, P., Hjalmarsson, R., and Pozen, D

2009

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Mas, A. and Moretti, E

2009

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Sacerdote, B

2001

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Boucher, V., Rendall, M., Ushchev, P., and Zenou, ...

2024

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Bursztyn, L., Ederer, F., Ferman, B., and Yuchtman...

2014

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Banerjee, A. V

1992

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Bikhchandani, S., Hirshleifer, D., and Welch, I

1992

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Bursztyn, L. and Jensen, R

2017

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Fouka, V

2020

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Grogger, J

2019

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Giles, H. and Ogay, T

2013

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Niederhoffer, K. G. and Pennebaker, J. W

2002

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Shalizi, C. R. and Thomas, A. C

2011

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Brown, T., Mann, B., Ryder, N., Subbiah, M., Kapla...

2020

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Perfas, F. B

2014

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Sacks, J. Y., McKendrick, K., and Hamilton, Z

2012

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Bahr, S. J., Masters, A. L., and Taylor, B. M

2012

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Campbell, B. W., Cranmer, S., Doogan, N., and Warr... (self)

2019

1.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Kalamara, E., Turrell, A., Redl, C., Kapetanios, G...

2022

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Lippmann, Q

2022

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Brehm, P. and Saavedra, M

2025

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Alsan, M., Barnett, A., Hull, P., and Yang, C. S

2025

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Gennaro, G. and Ash, E

2022

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Ash, E., Chen, D. L., and Naidu, S

2025

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Bajari, P., Cen, Z., Chernozhukov, V., Manukonda, ...

2025

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Cohen-Cole, E., Liu, X., and Zenou, Y

2018

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Pettus-Davis, C., Brown, D., Veeh, C., and Renn, T

2016

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Lin, Z., Jung, J., Goel, S., and Skeem, J

2020

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Barrios-Fernandez, A. and Garc\'\ia-Hombrados, J

2025

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Tuttle, C

2019

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Galbiati, R., Ouss, A., and Philippe, A

2021

0.5

0.006

0.406

100%

Bouchard, J. and Wong, J. S

2024

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Doogan, N. J. and Warren, K (self)

2016

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Warren, K., Harvey, C., De Leon, G., and Gregoire,... (self)

2007

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Warren, K., Campbell, B., and Cranmer, S (self)

2020

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Kjell, O., Giorgi, S., and Schwartz, H. A

2023

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Wang, Z., Pang, Y., and Lin, Y

2023

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Christensen, A. P., Golino, H., and Toma\vsevic, A

2024

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Bengio, Y., Courville, A., and Vincent, P

2013

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Tibshirani, R

1996

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Aitchison, J

1982

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Kelejian, H. H. and Prucha, I. R

1998

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Zhang, T. and Simon, N

2023

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Auerbach, E

2022

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Chang, J. H. and Paul, S (self)

2024

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Andrews, D. A. and Bonta, J

2014

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Girvan, M. and Newman, M. E

2002

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Newman, M

2018

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Stock, J. H. and Yogo, M

2002

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Li, T., Levina, E., and Zhu, J

2020

2.0

0.006

0.406

100%

Hall, P. and Heyde, C. C

2014

0.5

0.006

0.087

Chen, E. Y., Fan, J., and Zhu, X

2023

0.5

0.006

0.087

McInnes, L., Healy, J., and Melville, J

2018

0.5

0.006

0.087

Measures: Mentions = total in-text citations; Breadth = distinct sections; Sec. Wtd = section-weighted count (body ×2, lit review/appendix ×0.5); Share = mentions / total citations in paper; Composite = geometric mean of normalised count, breadth, and main-text ratio; Main % = fraction of mentions in main text (excl. appendix). (self) = self-citation.